Windvane selfsteering
Windvane Self-Steering Systems for the solo and short handed sailor
The vast expanse of the open ocean demands vigilance and a keen understanding of the forces at play. For sailors that demand reliable steering, windvane self-steering systems offer an essential blend of ingenuity and reliability. This article looks into the two primary categories of windvane systems, servo-pendulum and alternative designs, providing a comprehensive overview to guide you in selecting the perfect system for your vessel.
Servo-pendulum: The Power of Balance
At the heart of the servo-pendulum system lies a delicate dance between wind and water. The sensor vane, a windvane strategically positioned at the boat's stern, acts as the brains of the operation. As the wind shifts, the vane tilts, sending this information through linkages to the pendulum rudder. This underwater workhorse, suspended below your boat, translates the vane's signal into corrective rudder movements. Imagine a powerful oar subtly adjusting its angle, nudging the boat back on course. The beauty of this design lies in its simplicity and effectiveness. Servo-pendulum systems are known for their reliability, power, and direct connection to the boat's steering, making them a popular choice for a wide range of vessels.
Key Components of a Servo-Pendulum System:
Sensor vane: The windvane, typically made of lightweight and durable materials like wood or plastic.
Pendulum rudder: The underwater unit responsible for steering corrections, often constructed from stainless steel or composite materials.
Linkages: The messengers that transmit vane movement to the rudder, ensuring precise steering adjustments.
Popular Servo-Pendulum Models:
Aries: Renowned for its ruggedness and ease of use, the Aries features a cast aluminum construction and a simple two-to-one gear ratio for reliable performance.
Monitor: Similar to the Aries, the Monitor boasts stainless-steel construction and additional Delrin roller bearings for smooth operation.
Sailomat 601: This innovative design features an adjustable linkage, allowing you to fine-tune steering response to varying conditions.
Windpilot Pacific: Combining a compact design with a 2-to-1 bevel gear linkage, the Windpilot Pacific delivers powerful steering in a user-friendly package.
Fleming Global Major Series: Constructed entirely from high-grade stainless steel, the Fleming system emphasizes durability and corrosion resistance.
Choosing the Right Servo-Pendulum System:
Consider these factors when making your selection:
Boat size and type: Different sized boats require varying levels of steering power. Servo-pendulum systems are generally well-suited for boats up to 5
0 feet.Sailing conditions: If you anticipate rough seas or strong winds, prioritize systems known for their robustness and power.
Personal preferences: Ease of installation, adjustability, and emergency rudder options are additional factors to consider.
Beyond Servo-Pendulum: Exploring Alternative Designs
While servo-pendulum systems reign supreme in popularity, alternative designs cater to specific needs and boat configurations. These systems fall into two main categories:
Trim-tab systems: These systems work by manipulating a small foil (trim tab) attached to the boat's main rudder, using the vane's signal for control. They offer simpler mechanics but might be less powerful than servo-pendulum systems.
Auxiliary rudder systems: These systems employ a dedicated rudder separate from the boat's main rudder, controlled by the vane. They are well-suited for boats with hydraulic steering or complex rudder configurations but require careful consideration of rudder size and attachment.
Examples of Alternative Systems:
Saye's Rig (trim-tab): Utilizes a vertical-axis vane and a powerful servo-pendulum rudder for efficient steering.
Auto Steer (trim-tab): Offers a simple and adaptable system for boats with outboard rudders.
Auto-helm (auxiliary rudder): Features a large vane and a well-balanced auxiliary rudder for powerful steering.
Hydrovane (auxiliary rudder): Employs a large vane and an adjustable linkage for precise control in diverse conditions.
Fleming Global Auxiliary Rudder: Adapts the company's servo-pendulum design to control an auxiliary rudder for boats incompatible with the standard system.
Choosing the Right Alternative System:
Compatibility with your boat: Ensure the system aligns with your boat's steering type, rudder configuration, and size.
Sailing needs: Consider factors like wind and sea conditions, desired level of power, and emergency steering requirements.
Ruggedness: it must be made to the highest possible standard, anything less will be distroyed by the forces of the ocean in the first storm, when you need this system the most. My Aries wind vane was almost ripped off the yacht on a crossing from Tasmania to Nelson in New Zealand, I had new mounts designed and build in Queensland, I had reservations and discussed this with the engineer.
He assured me they were good enough, I sailed 3000nm with them but when it came to the Tasman Sea they where not strong enough one snapped the was 70 percent broken. I repaired the Aries at sea using spectra rope and spanish windlass hanging over the back of my yacht in a storm, not fun. My Aries continued to sail a solid course in upto 55knots and big sea another 200nm to Nelson. Anchor engineering in Nelson built my next mounts, They laughted at my broken mounts a provided me with mounts built to survive the Southern Ocean. I recently got caught in the tail of a cyclone leaving Fiji, 78knot, three knock downs, airies still there working in beast mode.
Complexity: Evaluate the installation and maintenance demands of each system.
Adaptability: can you add an electronic autopilot to the windvane for light wind condition.
Remember, the ideal windvane system is a harmonious blend of functionality, reliability, and compatibility with your specific sailing needs. By understanding the core principles of servo-pendulum and alternative designs you will find a system that can steer you for thousands of ocean miles.
50 year old Aries, works like a beast
10,000nm service
If your like me, you would rather read a book or for that matter rebuild the toilet plumbing than hand steer, its why I have four electronic and manual self steering systems on TinTin, including my Aries that can be fitted with a electronic tiller pilot.
